Dna Essays (1594 words) - DNA, Forensic Genetics, Biometrics

Dna DNA evidence is extremely helpful in criminal trials not only because it can determine the guilt of a suspect, but also because it can keep innocent people from going to jail. The suspect must leave a sample of their DNA at the crime scene in order for testing to occur, but DNA can be found in the form of many things such as semen, blood, hair, saliva, or skin scrapings. According to Newsweek, thousands of people have been convicted by DNAs nearly miraculous ability to search out suspects across space and time hundreds of innocent people have also been freed, often after years behind bars, sometimes just short of the death chamber (Adler ). Though some may think it is a waste of time to go back and attempt to release convicts from prison after they have been in jail for such a long time, but since DNA testing had proven to be quite a successful method of doing this, it could help in many ways. First of all, if a person is not guilty of a crime they are in prison for committing, they have every right to attempt to prove their innocence. A great advantage to releasing these innocent people from prison is that they allow for more room in prisons for those who are actually guilty of the crimes. Another reason people may object to DNA testing in the courtroom is that the tests require the suspect to provide a sample of his own DNA. The only problem with this is that sometimes, suspects refuse to donate their DNA for testing. In a situation in St. Petersburg, FL, a man was being followed because he allegedly matched the description of a man who was suspected of committing fifteen robberies and two rapes. As the police followed him on his motorcycle, he stopped at a red light and spat on the ground. As soon as the police saw this, they got out of the car and collected the saliva with a paper towel. The DNA from the saliva was a perfect match with the DNA from the semen collected from the rape victims. Puetz, the investigator on the case defends the constitutionality of his evidence-gathering methods; the courts, he says, have held that once youve put out your trash, youve waived your right to keep the contents private, and I dont see why the same wont hold true for saliva.(Adl er). Because there are many different types of crimes, it is often difficult to find enough physical evidence to convict a person. For example, in rape cases there is usually only a small amount of physical evidence, so cases are based on word alone. Because of DNA testing we can now take samples from the victim and attempt to match the results with those of the suspect. Therefore, DNA is sometimes the only real way of determining the guilt or innocence of a suspect without having any witnesses. Since many rape cases are left unsolved, DNA testing is believed to be the most accurate way of keeping sex offenders off the street. Because of the growing trend of using DNA in rape cases especially, a company in Brooklyn now advertises a small flashlight-like device intended to be used to jab at attackers in order to collect a sample of his skin for later use (Adler). According to a study by Joseph Peterson, with the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Illinois, DNA evidence doe s not have a major impact on the decision to either convict or acquit defendants, but weighs heavily on sentencing, and often leads to more severe penalties (Peterson, Banbury Report). Some may think that DNA testing in rape cases, especially in the case of incest, is not totally valid because the samples of semen, or other bodily fluids may be contaminated with the DNA of the victim, which would produce different results. In cases of incest, DNA could be so alike because of heredity that the results may be hard to distinguish between the victim and rapist. Though many people believe this to be true, in all actuality each persons DNA typing pattern is different and virtually unique.(Genetic DNA Typing). As well as placing a suspect at

foundation degree in events management Essay Example

foundation degree in events management Essay Example foundation degree in events management Essay foundation degree in events management Essay Contents Introduction Foundation degrees are a recognised HE qualification. The degree is made up of both academic and work based learning. The purpose of this report is to explain about the course, work placement and academic requirements. It will also explain why events are created and the purpose they serve in society. Findings The course The course consists of a number of core modules and may include optional modules. These are taken over two years which are based on a value of 1 5 credits, with one credit representing 10 hours of student study time (Warwickshire College, 2013). In ear one the modules are; Academic and professional development Developing professional practice Exploring customer service MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions) Principles of event management Event appraisal Principles of business Introduction to business operations and activities The modules for year two are as follows; Business accounting Human resource management Principles of marketing Professional competence Project management for events Evolving sectors in the event industry Work-based project This course specifically benefits my chosen career path as it involves important odules based on events management. For instance the project management for events module will be particularly helpful as it includes some key skills I am keen to learn and will give me an understanding theoretically and practically on managing events. As noted in the course handbook Project management is a discipline for organising and managing the resources to complete a project. The subject includes a project This is a subject area that is essential for an event manager and will involve investigation and application of the skills and knowledge acquired to both real and simulated projects. : The module will include the management of an event. (Warwickshire College, 2013, P. 5) All the modules are assessed by a variation of coursework such as: role play, written reports, presentation, debates, seminars, essays, leaflet production and written assignments. The assignments have been carefully designed to develop a wide range of skills and knowledge which can be transferred to a working environment Assessment is a crucial aspect of the learning process are was taken to ensure that both in-course and end of module assessments test the skills and knowledge needed in the working environment Formative assessment methods are diverse and include practical assessment of advanced techniques used in the workplace. (Warwickshire College, 2013, p. 36) For example, assignments which are delivered as presentations will help increase and develop skills such as: Presenting skills, communicating, engaging an audience and confidence. This is useful as presentations are often used in the workplace. The course requires independent learning to be successful. Study skills which will enhance independent learning abilities are: Self-management, you must organise and manage time working on your own, there are far less taught sessions than school r a further education course. Taking control, you are responsible for making choices, advice and guidance is available, but its up to you to find this out and to book appointments when necessary. Personal planning, you will benefit by taking control of your time and finding out what skills are necessary for employers. Knowing the essentials, knowing deadline dates, academic regulations, and assignment briefs is essential, read any College documentation thoroughly and keep in a safe place. Finding resources and support, you will be given a list of books to read which is vital for the course. However you are expected to further your knowledge by reading and researching additional sources. You are also expected to find out what support is available. Structuring your study, you are required to work with little guidance, a good assignment will be a result of independent study Keeping going, you must keep motivated and focused when working alone, most people use have the support of other people for this. (Stella Cottrell, 2013) Work placement Work placement is an important element for the foundation degree programme and involves 10 weeks placement spread across the two years. A large proportion of ssessments are designed to be completed through work placement. Warwickshire College, 2013) There are a number of things to make the most of a placement: Set some objectives, decide what you want to achieve and discuss expectations with the employer before you start. Make sure both you and the employer know what you want to gain out of the placement. Show what you are capable of doing, show enthusiasm and be reliable. Dont be afraid to ask questions. Show that you are proactive, ask to attend meetings. Make some suggestions although dont be critical of colleagues or your employer. Keep a diary or learning log, Record experiences and skills and attributes gained Build a network, Identify the colleagues whose work interests you, ask for advice. (Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013) Warwickshire college work in partnership with University of Gloucestershire (I-JOG) the foundation degree is validated by the I-JOG. The University overseas the quality and ensures a high standard of education and have set academic regulations of which Warwickshire College must abide by. The regulations set can affect the assessment scores if deadlines are not met or the required standard is not met. Each piece of coursework will have a submission date and criteria which must be met in order to pass. Late submission or failure to meet the required criteria without approved mitigating circumstances is penalised. For example if the work is less than seven days late the highest mark achievable is capped at 40%,if the work is more than seven days late the assessment is marked at and is failed. This can have a huge effect on the course both financially and academically because if you fail a module below 30% you must retake it, this will cost an extra E700. You are not allowed to rogress on to the second year with more than one restudy. Warwickshire College, 2013) In some circumstances external problems/issues may affect the performance in assessments and a student may feel they failed or underachieved because of the problem. The course manager or personal tutor must be notified as early as possible, ideally before the deadline date, or its likely to be too late. Examples of exceptiona l mitigating circumstances may be: Personal serious illness or accident Death or serious illness of a very close relative Serious family or personal problem Sudden deterioration of a chronic health condition Circumstances which are not likely to be considered are: A minor illness Death or serious illness ofa pet Normal family or work commitments Chronic or long standing illness Pressure of study arising from reassessment Computer difficulties (Warwickshire College, 2013) If it is agreed the circumstances surrounding the student have affected the assessment, the student will either have their results re-considered or have another opportunity to retake that piece of work. (Warwickshire College, 2013) Another requirement for all written assessments is the use of Havard referencing. This ystem is used to acknowledge the work of other writers or to enable other researchers trace the original source. It is allows the work to checked and verified and avoids plagiarism. (Warwickshire College, 2013) The use of the referencing shows research has been carried out giving credence to the subject being studied. For example, to achieve higher marks in assignments a range of sources will be used with correct citation and referencing Excellent use of sources with highly accurate and effective use of citation and referencing. (Warwickshire College, 2013, p. 4) That is one of the criteria to achieve a mark. To achieve the best mark possible it is important you use module guide and contextualised grading descriptor. The module guide will provide an essential reading lists, this will list the recommended books to read in order to complete an assignment to a satisfactory standard. More received for an assignment. Also in the module guide is a contextualised grading descriptor, this can be used to see what level of work is required to achieve a certain grade. For instance for this assignment to achieve a 55%-69% grade you must meet the following criteria: Evidence of some effective self-guided study Good understanding of using of using of sources with largely good understanding of citation and referencing Sources used are academically sound Sources used are academically sound with minimal use of the internet Content is reasonably thorough in its coverage of key areas of induction topics and possibly covering some related issues Good presentation that in the main follows the informal report structure with automated features (Warwickshire College, 2013, p4) Field of study Events have become a huge part of our lives, the public, governments and businesses are all involved. Each event is created for different reasons. Due to an increase of eisure time and discretionary spending have led to a rise in public events such as celebrations and entertainment. Governments support events for their economic development and nation building. Businesses use events for marketing and promotions. Increases in leisure time and discretionary spending have led to proliferation of public events, celebrations and entertainment. Governments now support and promote events as part of their strategies for economic development, nation building and destination marketing. Corporations and business embrace events as key elements in their marketing strategies and image promotion (Bowdin, 012, p. 3) Conclusion References Bowdin, G (2012) Events management 3rd edition. Oxford. Butterworth-Heinemann Cottrell, S (2012) Study Skills, (online), Available from algrave. com/ skills4study/studyskills/learning/independent. asp (accessed 20th September 2013) Manchester Metropolitan University, (2013) making the most of work experience, (online), Available from mmu. ac. uk/careers/students-and-graduates/ resources/guides/making-the-most-of-work-experience-and-placements. pdf (accessed 20th September 2013) Warwickshire College, (2013) Course Handbook

Sources of Revenues and Expenses for Sport Organizations Essay

Sources of Revenues and Expenses for Sport Organizations - Essay Example Other source of revenue that they have in common includes contributions from individuals, associations, corporations, foundations, or clubs. Being national organizations, the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Collegiate Table Tennis Association have grants from schools in the form of support from the university. Such school funds include both indirect and direct support from the university, for instance state funds and federal Work Study amounts for the athletes. In addition, it includes university-provided support, for instance, facility and grounds maintenance, administrative costs, security, utilities and risk management. The National Collegiate Athletic Association raises revenue from Game guarantees and game programs, National Collegiate Table Tennis Association from royalties while USA Triathlon Collegiate National Association from local media. Not-for-profit organizations like the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Collegiate Table Tennis Association also sells items for profit and ploughs it back into the organization. They also generated revenue in the form of sales of assets and inventory. In terms of expenses, all the three organizations pay salaries to their coaches and staffs, they have sponsorship programs, team expenses, purchase equipment and uniforms and general and administrative expenses. Sponsorship programs are sport-related aids. All of them contribute towards maintaining buildings, grounds and facilities (Masteralexis, 2014). In addition, they have medical expense/insurance in common for all of their stakeholders, coaching, staff and players. both the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Collegiate Table Tennis Association pays guarantees to other schools, pays game day and camp expenses and renders severance payments to their past staff and coaches. However, USA Triathlon Collegiate National Association has expenses such as incentive awards, essay

Did western influences hasten the decline of the Qing dynasty Why or Essay

Did western influences hasten the decline of the Qing dynasty Why or why not - Essay Example First theory is concerned with China? ¦s internal problems, including corruption, poverty and abuse of powers of the ruling class.† (34) But another sect of the historians argues that even though the Qing Dynasty was wearing out due to the heavy internal troubles, the western influences were at the center of these internal adversaries. Indeed the western influences were not the military interferences and threats to the dynasty in its concrete sense. Rather the western industrial revolution, rapid urbanization, growing individualism and the rapid changes and reorganizations of the socio-economic fields, as again Stanley says, â€Å"The theory supported by the Western World is that imperialism and introduction of western ideas in China ultimately caused the disintegration of Qing† (). Fairly in the early twentieth century Chinn’s socioeconomic and political cultures began to be influenced by the European Industrial Revolution. The pro-western influence school of h istorians purports that even if there were no internal conflicts, the Qing Dynasty would have to respond to the demand of the age. ... d of the Napoleonic War, the growth of industrial revolutions and the European Colonial presence in the neighboring states of China allured the West to take hold of vast Chinese markets (78). The Chinese markets were potential for the European Colonial powers in the late 19th Century in two ways: firstly, China was a potential market for the West to market their industrially produced goods and secondly, the country was a great reserve of raw materials that could feed the demonically growing industries in Europe. These commercial interests of the European nations in China provoked them to interfere into the internal issues of the country. Consequently the Opium War took place, greatly determining the future of the Qing dynasty (Cotterell 84-9). Indeed the root of the Opium War lies in the increasing Irish-British interest in the Lucrative Opium business in the mid 19th century. Since the Opium trade began to be less lucrative for the Chinese due to the Turkish cheaper supply in the op ium market, the Qing Emperor Daoguang banned the trade in contradiction to the expectation of the British traders. Eventually the Opium War began between the British-Irish Ally and the Qing Dynasty and ended upon causing some irreparable loss to the Qing Dynasty. Indeed the Qing Dynasty’s defeat in the First Opium War inspired the Western powers to interfere and manipulate the subsequent rebellions and internal conflicts in their own favor. Though he Qing Dynasty received the reluctant western support during the Taiping Rebellion, Nien Rebellion and a number of other rebellions, these rebellions were greatly caused by and connected to western commercial interests in the country. The Taiping Rebels, though were confronted by the allied Chinese-West Troops, received the non-official support

Disciplinary Literacy Writing Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Disciplinary Literacy Writing Project - Essay Example The data results obtained need to be of no biases; thus statistical research must be officially produced under no influence of political background. For instance, many social, military decisions, economic and political decisions cannot be made without applying the statistical techniques like structuring an experiment to gain federal approval of a new medice. In any organization or at any government the initial step to any project is plan analysis. (Szabo, 118) Actuarial are always involved in many activities within the organization since they form the major part of the running of most of the organization. The major duties of the actuarial involves collecting, receiving and obtaining data then analyze the information. This is done by identifying the underlying reasons or facts of data by simplifying the information. It includes analyzing social data, economical data; evaluate the level of probability of financial risk and conducting statistical modeling. (Crews, 87) Actuarial works in many different settings thus job duties may vary from company to company. Although the government is the largest employee of the actuarial, they can work in a number of places, mostly in insurance companies, Micro finance organizations, accountancy firms, pension funds, actuarial consultants, investment funds, life assurance companies but also can work in finance, marketing, government, manufacturing companies, and health care (Crews,35 ) As an actuarial, he is involved in compiling, coding, tabulating, categorizing, auditing calculating information. Once the information is tabled, the actuarial interprets the meaning of the information to which t is concerned this is by explaining the complex mathematical data and interpreting the tables or charts or graphs for economic or social research With the present level of technology the actuarial is core role also involve in using computer

Global trends of fast food industry

Global trends of fast food industry Now the market has started to change and people has stopped eating at home they prefer to get easy and quick food thats the reason why the fast food chain restaurant is the fastest growing industry in the world at present. Talking about McDonalds which started in the US in 1948 by two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald, It then started to extend and at present it is stated in the top 100 business of the world (http://www.mcdonalds.co.in/history.htm) and has got somewhere around 34000 units around the world. (Http//: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mcdonalds) It came into UK in 1973 in England and was a great success and it came to India in 1996 (Bangalore). At present there are some where around ten thousand outlets worldwide .It has got 500 restaurants in UK and around 300 in India. As predication made by McDonalds they going to own around 2000 units by 2010 in the UK. (http://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/history.htm) The information acquired is from the student folder of McDonalds and the present worker s have been interview electronically and finally McDonalds official website. McDonalds came to India with a dine in restaurant in Bangalore that has special vegetarian burger named by Mac veggie. In additional to traditional Indian sandwiches, it incorporates Indian favourites such as Chicken tikka. In its list of innovative sandwiches along with burgers, the menu features appetizers like soups, fresh salads; shakes and choice of ice-cream sundaes. (Ref: http://www.mcdonalds.co.in/history.htm) Industry Global Trends The current global trends in international global environment are growth of fast food industry. The fast food industry is growing at very fast rate. People now prefer eating at fast food restaurant rather eating at home. Office going students are major market served in fast food industry. Fast food industry also give people who do not want to go out, prefer eating at home gives home delivery services to the people with schemes of reaching the delivery place within 30 minutes. More more companies are taking advantage of the opportunities waiting overseas by becoming a globally operating corporation and McDonalds is one of the top ten companies corporations of the world. Six major segments make up the fast food segment of the fast food service industry sandwich chains like McDonalds Subway are the number one segment, followed by dinner houses.. Out of all Burger chains McDonalds has the largest market share 46% followed by Burger King with 21.7 % Some people say fast food is low nutrition food due to this some chain have started nutritious food like salads pastas for the customers. The Competitive Global Environment key market drivers Taking the factor of competitive environment, in global environment competition is major factor. Global competitive environment occurs when a firm takes a global view of competition and sets about maximising profits.(keegancreen,2005). The effect of global competition has been highly beneficial to consumers .Global competition expands the range of products and increases the likelihood that consumers will get what they want. (Keegancreen, 2005). Key players for market drivers in market are burger king and subway where each market drivers has it own marketing cost. Back ground of brand role of branding in McDonalds McDonalds was started in 1948 by two brothers. First United Kingdom restaurant was opened in Woolwich, London. McDonalds came to India in 1996 in Bangalore. In 1973 1000 restaurants were opened in US, Japan, Canada England. . . In 1998 in India they introduced traditional burger called maharaja Mac, which become the propular burger in Indian market As far as role of branding is concerned the name is the biggest strength, McDonalds has been around for long time and people know the name quiet well. Taking in consideration India McDonald is having 50 % market share in fast food segment. All McDonald sites work to the CHAMPS standard. That is Cleanliness, Hospitality, Accuracy, Maintenance, Product and Speed. As a brand McDonalds has tie up with some international brand like nestle Pepsi. It also ties up with some popular TV celebrity who is working brand ambassador for them. Competitive Advantage Major competitor in fast food industry where McDonalds is facing competition is from subway. The most important competitive advantage McDonalds is having over subway is McDonald is having their own restaurants as well as delivery services in India, where as subway only do take away and eatings. The advantage of restaurant that McDonalds is having so as result McDonald is marketing to major segments of market which other fast food chains are not doing. The second advantage McDonald is having is of online booking burgers in India, which has recently introduced, people who have internet access can order what they want and will be delivered to their place with scheme of 30 minutes. As we all now that McDonald is one of the fastest growing fast food restaurants in the world which came to India with one restaurant in Bangalore in 1996 and at present it has got more than 123 outlets. Global participation and market served globally Talking about the participation of McDonald, it has got more than 12500 outlets in more than 90 countries globally. They consist of 20% or their own restaurant but the rest 80% are either are given away as franchises or are licensed (www.answers.com/topic/mcdonald-inc). The pricing of McDonald is very nominal as it has a dream of opening 20,000 outlets by year 2010 and having a McDonalds in every major city of the world. So taking that into consideration they have their price very nominal and their major target market is the middleclass people and students. They have got family packages for families and they are the only multinational in India which give the maximum discounts for parties. In India they have introduced many deals like meal for 2 just for Rs.99 { £1.29} only which includes 2 course meals. As the competitors are also trying to get these deals but there is a quantity which is very less. There are many carry out coupons which are given at the universities to the student s. At present there is a new trend that has started in India of burger parties which the students find very convenient as it costs less and you dont have to cook anything. Looking at the market of India McDonald has introduced many different burgers only for India like aloo tikki (for vegetarians) etc. As having the flavours of India in a burger, it makes a different market for McDonald because there are still loads of people in India still prefer Indian delicacies. McDonald also give a lot of charity programs like McDonald (UK) supports the Starlight Childrens Foundation, a registered charity that works to brighten the lives of seriously ill children by granting their wishes and entertaining them while they are in hospital. Wishes can range from going to Disneyland, to meeting a favourite soap star or even winning the Grand Prix! Each year the demand grows for wishes, Starlight Fun Centres (mobile entertaining trolleys), Starlight Hospital Projects, hospital parties and outings. McDonald employees have been fundraising the length and breadth of the UK for Starlight and are always looking for new and innovative ways to raise further support. www.mcdonasl.co.uk/pdf/student_information.pdf Role, impact and importance of cultural issues and ethics Cultural issues and ethics play a very important role in these parts of the world. Firstly taking India into consideration is that the biggest issue in India is that there is a ban on usage of beef in any form. So every multinational have to make sure that there product is 100% beef free and then only the government allows then to sell their product in the market. As taking into consideration that at once when India had a big demand for MacDonalds they started to offer beef burger, their market share had had one of the biggest downfall of the year as people stopped going to their restaurants till the time they built back the trust of the people, by having stating on their restaurants and websites that We are proud of the food we serve and we take very seriously the responsibility we have to our customers to deliver hot, safe, freshly prepared and tasty food every time. We do not offer any beef or pork items in India. Only the freshest chicken and fish products find their way into ou r Indian restaurants. www.mcdonaldsindia.com/ourfood/nonveg/index.html By this McDonald had an upper hand in the market as they made sure that all their products are only of chicken, fish and vegetables only. One of the other issues in India is that out of every 5 Indians 3 are vegetarians, so McDonald also offers wide range of vegetarian burgers. As talking about importance of issues there is also big issue that is halal meats for the Muslim as there is against there religion to have any other cut of meat ,so McDonalds in India and some places in united kingdom state in there menu that the meat used is halal or not. Now if we look at the importance of the cultural issues and ethics then we can say if McDonald doesnt follows the criteria they are following right now and introduce beef in India it would lead to ceiling and the market value would fall. McDonalds advertising and promotion in the U.K. and India McDonald is the part of the one of the largest chain . That is one of the most important reasons behind their advertising and promotion because they have to maintain their standard. Advertising and promotions are the marketing tools. McDonalds is famous for introducing the new burgers in the market. While introducing the new burgers in the market they always keep in touch of the todays market trend. This will also important to reduce the risk failure. Their method of doing advertising and promotions in both countries are same. They do there advertising by many ways like television, radio and print. Global advertising may be defined as messages whose art, copy, headlines, photographs, tag lines, and other elements have been developed expressly for their world wide suitability.(Keegan, Green, 2005) Advertising is classified as a hierarchy of effects model suggesting a sequence of events: advertising is used to move people from a state of unawareness to purchase. Strong model shows that advertising gain attention.(Chee H, Harris R, 1993) On their advertising in India they spent around 10 12 crores on the advertising and around twice of the U.K. on the other hand their competitors like subway they are spending around 9 10 crore and burger king is spending around 12 14 crores in Indian market. McDonalds do their advertising and promotions by several ways: they distribute McDonald pamphlets and discount coupons in front of the schools and colleges and even on the high streets. They built up their stalls on the busy roads like high street where they are doing their advertising of the new burgers or deals. In India know McDonalds used to put up their stalls in the marriages where they can attract lots of customer in ones, and they can show there quality of their food. One of the most important things of the McDonalds is its famous Ronald, its recognized as the universal symbol. One of the famous burger of the McDonalds named as double cheese burger by its name you got an indication that where is the target of the McDonalds because its jus for 99 pence. McDonald strategies in terms of quality product and service As the author said earlier that McDonalds is the one of the most important brand for fast food lovers. For been a part of fast food lovers they have to maintain their quality of the product and service. That is one of the most important reasons that where ever you go around the world you will get the same taste and quality of the food and services. The quality of food of the McDonalds is the same around the world. Even in India the chips for the burgers is same as U.K. McDonald is world wide famous for its service. They never let their costumer down. Last year McDonalds have its scheme in India if you order your burger for home delivery you will get your burger in twenty minutes otherwise if they late you will get your burger free. By this way they are showing the importance of the customer services in the market. Consideration of pricing and distribution channels in both the countries As author said that earlier in the report that McDonalds main aim to the middle class market all over the world. They have lots of competitors in the market thats why they have to be very careful about their pricing. For a good healthy business pricing is very important. Price is a major consideration for organisations. It is the one of the major element of the marketing mix that is capable of generating income, helping there by to achieve profit targets.(Chee H, Harris R, 1993) Channels of distribution are the link between producers and consumers or industrial users. Therefore a distribution channel consists of individuals and organisations that make products and services accessible to the ultimate consumer.(Chee H, Harris R, 1993) McDonalds also having a very good brand image, which is one of the most important pricing objectives. Whenever they introduce their new burgers, they have their market targets for example: cheese burger for the teenagers etc. When they do pricing in India, they always keep in mind that India is the price sensitive market. They always do cheap pricing in India because they aim to middle class people. On the other hand in U.K. it has very reasonable rates as compare to their competitors in the international market. In India you will get four vegetables burger in just 20 Rsp (around 1pound) and in the U.K. you will get veggie burger in 2.69 pound. Global marketing efforts McDonalds holds the most markets share in the burgers industry. The McDonalds industry firms are famous for introducing new products at regulars shorts terms of time, the introduction of products that keeps with todays trends is also important to reduce the risk of failure. In this competitive world McDonald is a leader which creates new products for market as keeping in mind that customer will like it. McDonald always observes the market trends which regular changes according to customer needs. It always brings new products with different deals to survive in this competitive world, with high competition from the other top firms in the industry; this will help him to keep one step ahead. The role of marketing within the McDonald is to sure that the needs of customer are met and the business makes profit. McDonald has a broad range of customers as well as their burgers are popular throughout the world. Firstly we have to understands that what exactly customer needs? After analysing th eir feedback try to put in the restaurants. Actually the marketing team plays an important role in organisation. It helps the organization to increase the sales profitability and developing new products with promotions. According to McDonald restaurants international, India is top fifth market for McDonald who growing very faster in todays world .McDonald hopes to increase their outlets in India to 170 by the ends of 2006 from the present figure of 121. McDonald introduced delivery service, something new that no other restaurant was doing. Home delivery was a success for McDonald and subway. The competition looking for new methods of increasing their customer basis. Many fast food chains decided to diversify the customer and bring new offer as well as product for those who dont like burgers (e.g. deli sandwiches, cheese breads, cheese bites, salads etc). They all try to come up with some new, bigger, better burgers at a low price. McDonald has always new marketing strategy for uplif tment in this industry. One of their main strategies that they still follow today is diversification of the products. McDonalds is always adding something new to their menu, trying to reach new markets. Another strategy they used in the past and still using .McDonald is always trying to come up with some new idea to make a burger into something slightly different. It shows different enough that the customer will think its a new products launched. As you now McDonalds as a global marketing topic in India and u.k, so I will do swot analysis on McDonald Company. Firstly we taken the strength of company name recognition is obvious is big strength for them because they serving to consumer from a long time. Most of their competitors dont have free home delivery only restaurants which help a lot to increase in the regular sale. They provide very nutritional and well- balanced meals to customer. McDonalds does have restaurants to run is also a weakness which is higher overhead costs, due to the restaurants that other competitor doesnt have it so result of higher overhead cost must be charge its is not low cost producer. This is another weakness for McDonalds they have lost their lot of customer due to competition with competitors. McDonalds opportunities are a lot, they can increase there revenue through introduced new burgers and increase brand loyalty. .McDonald have threats from competitors well, right now there is one closest com petitor is subway. Subway having more competitive price than McDonald. It is generally lower than McDonald. Subway was very profitable when they promote their deal of delivery a sandwich within 5minutes and that to the costumer can see and tell the fillings of their meal. CONCLUSION At last I will conclude that McDonald has a successful history in the past of introducing different type of new burgers product to increase sales and reach new customer. McDonald is always searching for new market and follows new trends in the markets. To introduce new products at regular interval of time makes the leader of fast food industry in todays world. The level of success that achieved to McDonald due to introduced double cheese burger as well as promotion of product in the market. The more expensive advertising campaign than in past campaign but the potential for a successful product will cover the cost and bring in substantial profit. The advertising of the product is very important but the promotion of this product along side for market. The promotion may be had to be bigger and better than the competition or the product may need to be altered to give it that little bit of edge over the competitions. Recommendation I would personally recommend to McDonald Company to open more outlets in India especially express outlets which help a lot to increase the share in the markets. As you now express highways is growing faster in India which help a lot to company get more customers easily as well as customers to get better and good quality of food for (e.g. If I am going for long journey suddenly I feel hungry on the highway I get McDonald I think its great idea for launching new products and giving new deals in India. As some of rural area people would like to have some fast food.) Appendices TIME PLAN AND MINUTES OF MEETING October November December January Research work Proposal Report writing Presentation and submission Meetings   2nd 15:30 to 1600hrs 17th 8:00 to 9:00 hrs   6th 11:00 to 13:00hrs 15th 12:25 to 14:30hrs 27th 16:30 to 17:45hrs   4th 12:00 to 15:00hrs 17th 12:00 to 14:00hrs 26th 11:00 to 14:00hrs 16th 12:00 to 15:00hrs 17th 17:00 to 22:00hrs 23rd 12:00 to 18:00hrs 24th 13:00 to 20:00hrs

Helen Tamiris Biography Essay -- essays research papers

On April 24, 1903, one of the founders of American modern dance was born to parents who emigrated from Russia. Helen Tamiris, originally Helen Becker, grew up in New York, New York on the Lower East Side. In her lifetime, she danced, choreographed, and helped initiate modern dance. Later in her life, she moved to the â€Å"Great White Way,† otherwise known as Broadway, to choreograph many shows.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1911, or at the age of eight, Ms. Tamiris began studying dance at the Henry Street Settlement with Irene Lewisohn. After that she studied with the children’s chorus at the Metropolitan Opera Company, where she learned Italian ballet techniques. Although she studied strict ballet techniques, she began to study modern dance at the Neighborhood Playhouse. She also studied natural dancing but soon grew restless of it; thus, she quickly left the studios to develop her own sort of dance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tamiris spent a few years making minor nightclub appearances and dancing in stage shows at movie theaters. But in 1922, she left America to tour in South Africa with the Bracale Opera Company, where she was exposed to international dance forms. When she returned to America, she abandoned her former Italian ballet training and studied Russian ballet technique. She appeared dancing in a few shows but soon realized she just was not getting what she wanted. Tamiris took the next year off to develop her own style of concert dancing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  &nb...